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Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Warts (verrucae) are caused by a virus called the human papillomavirus (1). The numerous strains of papillomaviruses that cause the common wart are transferred by physical contact and enter the skin at the point of...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Stasis dermatitis (also called venous stasis dermatitis) is an inflammatory reaction of the skin of the lower leg caused by static (slow or delayed) venous flow of the leg. Stasis dermatitis is common in patients...

Summary Read More Summary Tumors of the foot are classified as benign or malignant. There are a number of benign tumors specific to the foot that affect the skin, soft tissue. and bone. Primary malignant tumors of the foot represent...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Trench foot is the term used to describe injuries of the foot due to water and cold exposure at sustained temperatures ranging from 32-65 degrees Fahrenheit. Trench foot differs from frostbite in that frostbite is...

Summary Read More Summary Trimming toenails can be performed in a number of ways that include straight across or deep down into the corners. Most important is the need to effectively trim the entire nail, not leaving any of the...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary The most common injury to the nail is a bruise beneath the nail called a subungual hematoma. The bruise (hematoma) forms beneath the nail (subungual) when the nail is compressed or avulsed (pulled away) from...

Summary Treatment Guide Onychomycosis Summary Toe nail fungus is a fungal infection of the nail that results in thickening and yellow discoloration of the nail. For more information on this topic, please view our article on onychomycosis. Toe Nail Fungus...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Toe box dermatitis is a form of dermatitis common in children, caused by extreme temperature and moisture found within the toe box of the shoe. Toe box dermatitis is primarily caused by the rubber, non-breathable...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Sweaty feet are the result of sweat glands that are over-productive, resulting in excessive perspiration. Excessive perspiration is called hyperhydrosis. Sweaty feet are most common in adolescent children and young adults. Each of us has...

Summary Read More Summary Skin is the single largest organ in the human body. Estimates of the size of the surface area of the skin of an adult male range up to 15,000 sq. inches, or roughly the size of...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Runner's nail, also known as walker's nail or jogger's nail, is a common injury sustained by sports enthusiasts. Most patients don't recall a direct incidence of trauma to the nail, but when questioned further, they...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Puncture wounds of the foot are described as partial or full thickness. Partial thickness puncture wounds of the foot do not penetrate the deepest layer of the skin (dermis.) Full thickness puncture wounds of the...

Summary Symptoms Read More Treatment Guide Summary Onychomycosis refers to a fungal infection of the toe nail or finger nail. It is estimated that 50 million Americans suffer from onychomycosis. Onychomycosis causes the nail to become thick, yellow, and brittle....

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Lister corns are found on the inside and outside of the nail bed, typically on the 5th toe. Lister corns are often described by the patient as having a "second toe nail" on the toe....

Summary Symptoms Read More Treatment Guide Summary An ingrown toe nail is best described as a foreign body reaction with mild infection. The toe nail grows into the skin and acts as a foreign body. The adjacent skin reacts to...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Immersion foot is the term used to described tissue damage of the foot caused by long-term exposure to water. The mechanism of tissue damage is not fully understood. Damage occurs to soft tissue, blood vessels,...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Hyperhydrosis is a condition in which the sweat glands are over-productive, resulting in excessive perspiration. This condition is most common in adolescents and young adults. Hyperhydrosis of the feet results in foot odor (bromhydrosis). Hyperhydrosis...

Summary Onychomycosis Summary Fungus toe nail is also known as onychomycosis. Please follow the link to onychomycosis for more information on fungus toe nail. Internal reference only: ZoneD8, ZoneD9, ZoneL11, ZoneM9, ZoneM10

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Frostbite is a cold weather injury that freezes the water in the cells of skin and deep tissues. As the water in a cell freezes, the structures within the cell become dehydrated. As a result,...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Foot odor, also called bromhydrosis, is the indirect result of excessive perspiration. The distinctive odor in the shoe is due to bacteria consuming skin cells in the presence of excessive perspiration. Foot odor can be...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Dry skin on the foot is the result of improper hydration, seasonal environmental dryness, lack of perspiration (dyshydrosis) or infections of the foot. The skin on the bottom of the foot is quite different from...

Summary Symptoms Read More Treatment Guide Summary Foot care in diabetic patients is an essential part of their daily care. Many of the irritations of the skin that a healthy, non-diabetic patient would take for granted cannot be felt by...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Dermatitis is a generic term used to describe a number of medical conditions that cause inflammation of the skin. Dermatitis of the foot can be the result of direct and indirect causes. Direct causes include...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Cracked (fissured) heels are deep splits in the skin on the rim of the heel. Cracked heels are seen more commonly in the winter months when the air is dry. Cracked heels can be deep...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary Friction between the foot and the floor is important in walking and running. Friction allows us to stand in place without slipping and to push off during the normal gait cycle. Each step we take...

Summary Symptoms Read More Summary The formation of callus is a protective mechanism used by the skin to respond to external mechanical irritation. All skin is capable of forming callus. The most common locations for callus on the foot include...

Summary Symptoms Read More Treatment Guide Summary Athlete's foot is the layman's term used to describe two different fungal infections of the foot collectively known as tinea pedis. Acute and chronic athlete's foot are caused by two different types of...